Seawater Carbon Data
Ocean Time-series Data
Time-series data for inorganic carbon chemistry from discrete bottle samples from surface seawater. Carbon measurements include total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), the reduced isotope ratio 13C/12C of DIC (δ13C-DIC), and alkalinity (ALK).
Seawater samples are obtained from the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) and the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) programs. The two BIOS stations in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre include Hydrostation ‘S' and the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS). Hydrostation 'S' is located ~26 km southeast of the island of Bermuda (32°10'N, 64°30'W) and BATS is located ~80 km southeast of Bermuda (31°50'N, 64°10'W). HOT station ALOHA is located in the North Pacific subtropical gyre ~100 km north of the island of Oahu, Hawaii (22°45'N, 158°00'W).
Acknowledgements
We acknowledge support from staff at the Hawaii Ocean Times-series (HOT) Program and the Bermuda Atlantic Times-series Study for sample collections. The DIC and ALK measurements began 1982 in the laboratory of CD Keeling under the direction of Peter Guenther, with the technical support of Tim Lueker and Guy Emanuele. With the passing of Dr. Keeling in 2005 the measurements continued in the laboratory of Andrew Dickson under the direction of Guy Emanuele, who also coordinated shipments and bottle preparations. Isotopic measurements have been made since 2005 in the laboratory of R. Keeling, with support from the Schmidt Family Foundation.
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Please direct queries to Ralph Keeling (rkeeling@ucsd.edu)