South Pole

Station Name	Station Code	Latitude	Longitude	Elevation (m)	Dates
South Pole	SPO	90 °S	0 °	2810	1957 - present

These data are subject to revision based on recalibration of standard gases.

Download all South Pole data sets

Individual Data sets

Merged In Situ and Flask CO₂ Data

Measurement	Frequency	Data File	Dates
CO₂	daily	daily_merge_co2_spo.csv	1957 - present
CO₂	monthly	monthly_merge_co2_spo.csv	1957 - present

Flask Isotopic Data

Measurement	Frequency	Data File	Dates
¹³C/¹²C	daily	daily_flask_c13_spo.csv	1977 - present
¹³C/¹²C	monthly	monthly_flask_c13_spo.csv	1977 - present
¹⁴C/C	intermittent	intermittent_flask_c14_spo.csv	1999 - 2007
¹⁸O/¹⁶O	daily	daily_flask_o18_spo.csv	1977 - present
¹⁸O/¹⁶O	monthly	monthly_flask_o18_spo.csv	1977 - present

Combined Data sets

Flask CO₂ and Isotopic Data

Measurement	Frequency	Data File	Dates
CO₂ and Isotopes	daily	daily_flask_co2_isotopes_spo.csv	1957 - present

Citation

Please cite as:

C. D. Keeling, S. C. Piper, R. B. Bacastow, M. Wahlen, T. P. Whorf, M. Heimann, and H. A. Meijer, Exchanges of atmospheric CO₂ and ¹³CO₂ with the terrestrial biosphere and oceans from 1978 to 2000. I. Global aspects, SIO Reference Series, No. 01-06, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, San Diego, 88 pages, 2001.

If it is necessary to cite a peer-reviewed article, please cite as:

C. D. Keeling, S. C. Piper, R. B. Bacastow, M. Wahlen, T. P. Whorf, M. Heimann, and H. A. Meijer, Atmospheric CO₂ and ¹³CO₂ exchange with the terrestrial biosphere and oceans from 1978 to 2000: observations and carbon cycle implications, pages 83-113, in "A History of Atmospheric CO₂ and its effects on Plants, Animals, and Ecosystems", editors, Ehleringer, J.R., T. E. Cerling, M. D. Dearing, Springer Verlag, New York, 2005.

Usage Restrictions

Scripps CO₂ program data and graphics on scrippsco2.ucsd.edu are licensed under a CC BY license, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which clarifies appropriate uses and requirements, including that credit be given to the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego. Some products from this site incorporate data from sources external to the Scripps CO₂ program, as indicated. Additional credit must be given for these products, as appropriate for that source.

Ethical usage may also require disclosing intentions at early stages to avoid duplicating ongoing studies at Scripps or elsewhere. For applications supporting peer-reviewed scientific publications, coauthorship may sometimes be appropriate. An example would be if an important result or conclusion depends on this product, such as the first account of a previously unreported phenomenon.

Please direct queries to Ralph Keeling (rkeeling@ucsd.edu)